Annuals, annuals, and more annuals.

flowerbed2_1000One thing I see less and less in gardens these days are gardeners that mix annual plants with perennials and shrubs. I’m not sure why, but it seems to be that fewer and fewer gardeners take the time to design border combinations using all kinds of herbaceous materials: annuals, perennials, and tender perennials like dahlias. Most of us regulate our annuals to traditional bedding areas or containers. Now, don’t get me wrong, I love annuals in containers, and a good bedding display in a park is always a pleasure, but you tell me if there is a better way to ensure season-long color in a garden than by including ever-blooming annuals in and around the hostas, hydrangeas, or boxwoods.

cleom_004_lvp3In thinking about it I began to wonder if the growing trend toward native plants and the use of local plant communities in garden design has stunted the appeal of designing with annuals, the majority of which are exotic varieties from tropical climates. When it comes to garden design I prefer to use every horticultural tool available, and I see no reason why a three-foot tall nicotiana won’t look amazing among the coneflowers. Or for a truly native feel try cleome (photo, right). They look like something right out of a nearby meadow and as they grow taller week after week they keep producing new blooms with no dead-heading required.

This time of year nurseries put their annuals on sale. The mad rush of spring is over and now nurseries must either sell what’s left at a discount, or toss it onto the compost pile. I believe in “belated seasonal gardening,” which means I buy my plants after their peak time. This strategy is good for tree purchases, great for perennial shopping, and perfect for grabbing up annuals. I save money and still have a great looking garden filled with flowers until season’s end when the first frosts of autumn set in.

By Daryl Beyers

Poundridge Nurseries is having a sale on annuals right now. Get 40% off all annuals today!

The Fun of Flower Shows

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Earlier this year in March, well before the hustle and bustle of the spring planting season, a fellow designer and I attended the Philadelphia Flower Show. If you have never been to the Philly Flower Show you don’t know what you are missing. Make a point of attending next year. There is no better remedy for a wet and raw New England winter than to walk into a spacious hall bursting to the rafters with the flowers and foliage of countless plants.

After the initial shock of stepping into the midst of such intense greenery, like a couple of horticultural Charlies entering Wonka’s magical Chocolate Room, my colleague and I settled down and methodically visited every exhibit. The garden design installations were just the beginning. There were also flower arrangements, pressed flower collages, and best of all, the individual plant ribbon winners. There is something special about seeing a perfectly formed and absolutely healthy plant, such as tuberous begonias with flawless foliage, or orchids with petals impeccably timed to open for the show. My favorite was a wisteria vine trained into a tame little tree. Set among the other ribbon winners it stood like a proud lion taught to purr among the gazelles.

flowersgaloreThe art and passion for growing plants can be carried to extraordinary lengths. While I consider myself a skilled horticulturist, the folks that participate in flower shows (and be sure to know that the foliage is just as important as the flowers in a flower show) possess a dedication that makes the ardor of an ordinary gardener pale in comparison. Understanding how tricky it is to grow good plants, mere mortal gardeners appreciate what it takes to raise a perfect horticultural specimen, and so rather than becoming jealous of the success of these dedicated few we can appreciate and admire their accomplishments.

Every plant at a flower show stands like a singular jewel, carefully poised upon a stage to display its beauty and perfection to full effect, and when you realize what it takes to grow plants this well–the skill, intuition, and what some might call horticultural magic, something only the greenest of green thumbs possess–you will never look at a show rose in the same way again. It inspires as it awes.cream-triple-stem-phalaenopsis-silk-orchid-flowers

Though the major flower shows such as the PFS or New England Grows take place in the spring when we need their inspiration the most, there is a steady stream of local flower shows organized throughout the growing season. Whether its a local orchid society show or something larger with numerous categories, there is always something to be be learned by seeing the handiwork of expert plantsmen and women.

It just so happens that a flower show is coming to Poundridge Nurseries. “the proverbial gardener” A Standard Flower Show, sponsored by the Pound Ridge Garden Club, will take place on June 25th and 26th. Open to the public and with free admission, the show will represent the greenest thumbs within our community. I invite you all to attend.

Daryl Beyers

Add Value to Your Home

frontlandscapeLast week the residents of my town voted on a budget for the next fiscal year. There was some contention among the citizens regarding the need to raise taxes during difficult economic times, but the roads need paving, the police and fire departments must be funded, and the schools for our children staffed and maintained. The proposed budget failed by 76 votes. Now there is talk to slash the education budget in order to get the next budget approved. As the parent of two school-aged children I’d like to think that the money could be saved someplace else. Closing schools, laying off teachers, and canceling educational programs seems like a short sighted way to save money.

Homeowners face similar budget dilemmas when they decide to improve their property. To pave or not to pave? Stick with oil heat or go with gas? Knock out that wall for a bigger kitchen or upgrade the appliances? But what about the landscaping? Landscaping is often the last item on the new homeowner’s to do list and as such it is often the first line item to suffer a budget cut. Studies have shown, however, that skimping on your landscaping is also a shortsighted way to save money.

Good landscaping increases the value of your home as much as 12-15%, and it does more for curb appeal than any granite counter top db_3_-_front_entry_with_urns_of_begonia__dragon_wing_1 or Viking appliance ever will. I’ve preached the value of good landscaping for years to my clients and students and I met with many skeptics, but in 2001 I found an article in the Wall Street Journal backing up my opinion with statistics. More recently, another study has been released and there is a great article about the benefits of landscaping your yard in an article in the Boston Globe.

Here’s a link: Boston Globe Article

The idea is simple. Landscape your property well and it will look better and become more valuable. I’ve told clients that a good budget for comprehensive home landscaping is 10% of the value of the home. That raises a few eyebrows, design-plan41but a million dollar house deserves a $100K landscape. Anything less looks cheap. A Master Plan should be created from the beginning to avoid a hodge podge design because it may take several years to achieve the total budget and implement the plans. Much of the budget will be used up by the high cost of hardscape features like terraces, retaining walls, and walkways. Once those items are completed don’t skimp on the plants. Well established, healthy looking plants are what make a yard into a garden, and a garden is what turns a house into a home, the value of which, like a good education, is worth more than dollars and cents.

By Daryl Beyers

The thing about rain is…

Rain StormThe thing about rain is that it never rains right. When we need a good soaking we get squalls, more wind than wet and not enough water to soak through the mulch. When we’ve already had more than enough rain then we get even more, several inches more over several days. Rarely, if ever at all, does the perfect amount of rain fall slow and steady (between the hours of midnight and 5 AM) striking a perfect balance so that it falls from the sky as fast as it it seeps into the soil, thus avoiding runoff, erosion, and puddling.

When we need rain and it does come, it comes on the weekend when we would prefer the sun. Though we are happy to have rain when our flower beds are limp and our trees dusty, rain rarely satisfies in real life, especially when it spoils a picnic or a planned day at the beach.

Though one of my favorite things to do on a rainy afternoon is to sit at home and read a good book, watch a movie, or just hang out playing video games with my 3rd grader, landscape designers and gardeners must see rain differently. A rainy day, when it arrives within 24 hours of completing an installation, makes us thank our lucky stars because we know the rain will water in all the new plants to perfection. Conversely, rain can curse us when it interferes with our plans to move a big tree or prepare a large planting bed. Over time, however, I have learned what a good spring storm can tell me by revealing the way water collects or runs throughout a property.

CB108122First and foremost, a day of steady rain will show you the low spots in a landscape. These wet spots where water collects signal a need for better drainage—perhaps a new French drain or an improvement in soil structure—or it can suggest an opportunity to grow riparian shrubs like pussy willow and tatarian dogwood, or wetland trees such as taxodium or tupelo. Even better, you might choose to take advantage of the low spot and maybe go so far as to direct even more water towards it to create a rain garden.

Rain gardens work with nature and as such they are most often made by those who have learned not to fight against the elements. A rain garden is nothing more than a spot in your yard where water collects so it stays wet. Water-loving plants like places like that, plants like the aforementioned trees and shrubs as well as many wet-footed perennials, among them cardinal flower and flag iris.

Our most recent spring storm pointed out the perfect spot in my yard to try a rain garden. What did this recent rainstorm tell you about your property? Is there a rain garden, a drain improvement project, or some soil building work in your weekend forecast.

By Daryl Beyers

Picking Up Sticks

wintertreeLate winter in New England is never an easy time. The weather turns quickly, changing from frigid, to raw (a term I never used for the weather until I came to Connecticut), to warm, and then back again to cold or raw. Wet and heavy snow, like the kind we had a few weeks ago, seems to occur at least once this time of year. This year’s storm was worse than most. Although the snow itself melted quickly afterwards, its destruction is still evident, especially west of the nursery into Bedford, Katonah, and Chappaqua.

legs2There is something disconcerting about seeing the tops of mature trees snapped off like so many matchsticks. Even worse: older trees torn in two where the weight of the snow exposed unknown structural weaknesses.

The snow was followed by warm sunny weather, and then another storm. This storm brought rain and hurricane force winds and again the trees suffered. Communities to our south: Greenwich, Stamford, and Norwalk, suffered most. Fully grown, 100+ year old trees were uprooted and windblown across fences, walls, and roads.a030604-syd-picking-up-a-big-stick2

The weather has turned again. The first day of spring is officially upon us with seventies and sun in the forecast. And so this weekend I will perform an annual spring ritual. Signaled by the earthy smell of thawing soil I go out to my yard to pick up sticks—this year some much bigger than usual. But that’s not all I do. As I walk about I look for this winter’s plant casualties and survivors. Though this day is not meant to be a full-fledged spring clean up, it is the perfect opportunity to reassess the condition of my garden and spend some time with the kids outside.

Winter damage will be obvious in some spots, like where the plow guy tore up that patch of lawn near the driveway…AGAIN! Other losses won’t be known until later, after the perennials emerge and the gaps in the border stand out like so many missing teeth in an otherwise perfect smile. As I walk among the fallen branches I discover that the earliest bloomers have arrived. Spring ephemerals I might have otherwise missed, like crocus and snow drops, are in full flower. So too are the hellebore, known also as Lenten Rose, which is fitting since Easter is just a couple of weekends away.

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Like everything in life, in gardening we must take the good with the bad. Rather than dwell upon the loss of a favorite shade tree shattered by the storm, I choose to look at this event as an opportunity to grow sun loving plants in a previously shady spot. Or I might plant a new tree to take its place, an act which I believe is the surest sign of faith in the future. After all, spring is a time of rebirth, and in the garden, as in life, we can pick up where we left off and start again.

By Daryl Beyers
Landscape Designer

The Importance of Pruning

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There is an increasingly vocal group of garden writers making their name by proclaiming the ease of low or no maintenance landscapes, and while a no maintenance garden sounds good, it just isn’t realistic. The truth is that the real work begins after the plants are in and the landscaping crew has loaded up and left.

Landscaping, unlike interior design or architecture, requires a commitment lasting the life span of the trees and shrubs in the design. When you buy a chair or table and put it in your house that’s more or less it. You have to vacuum or polish it now and then but there is no danger that it will grow too big to fit its place. The same is true for windows and walls. You may need to paint or clean them regularly, but you can count on them to stay more or less the same as when they were installed.

Not so for trees and shrubs. (We’ll talk about the pruning issues of perennials in a subsequent post.) Though it may be 8 feet tall with a root ball weighing in at over 400 pounds, a tree purchased from a nursery is just a child, or at best, an adolescent. It is within the first 10 years of what should be a life spanning 50, 60, 70 years. During this time it will grow and change considerably and similar to the way that how people are treated when they are young determines their success and longevity as adults, proper pruning shapes a young tree to be the best that it can be.

“Pruning is an operation which regulates and controls growth, flowering and fruiting, and with its aid the form of a tree or bush is determined.”
George E. Brown in “The Pruning of Trees, Shrubs, and Conifers”

Pruning is the nurture side of the nature vs. nurture upbringing of trees and the home gardener that learns how to properly prune (or hires qualified arborists to do it for them) is like a good parent assuming responsibility to raise their kids right.

guypruning21A pruner prunes to make a better plant. More specifically, pruning corrects plant growth to create a pleasing shape or form. Pruning keeps a plant in bounds by controlling its growth and it removes dead branches or diseased wood. Pruning can also be part of a cultivation program designed to stimulate the production of flowers, fruit, or finer foliage.

Why am I discussing pruning in the middle of winter? Because winter is a perfect time to prune the deciduous trees and shrubs that make up such an important part of the landscape. With the leaves off it is easier to study the overall shape of the plant when making corrective cuts. In addition, when the plant is dormant large cuts are less of a shock to the system. Best of all, there ain’t much else to do in the garden during a New England February.

pruningtechniquecartoon3So be a good parent to your plants and either learn how to prune them yourself or hire someone who knows how to help you. You’ll be rewarded with healthy and strong, beautiful trees and shrubs that will accompany you well into old age.

By Daryl Beyers

Do you have a pruning horror story? Send it to us in a comment and we will post it online.

Click on this sentence to follow a link to the publisher of George Brown’s book on pruning.

Indoor Gardening

indoor-plantsAfter 15 years as a professional garden designer I feel confident that I know what it takes to grow healthy plants in the landscape. The variables of sun exposure, soil condition, availabilty of water, and seasonal climate are all factored into my plant selections because what each plant needs to grow and thrive is just as important as the aesthetic qualities that make it suitable for a design. I know how to find the right plant for the right place but I must admit that when it came to house plants I often struggled.

Growing house plants is tricky because conditions in our homes are less than ideal for the health and well being of most plants. The right amount of sunlight and humidity are difficult to gauge and control indoors. Windows aren’t always large enough to let in enough light, or they may be shaded by outside objects like large trees or neighboring buildings. On the other hand, a south facing window may provide too much sun and literally cook the plants. Conventional heating systems tend to dry out the air indoors making it difficult to grow plants that need humidity more akin to what we feel outside on a fine summer day.

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I killed many house plants over the years but I finally found success as an indoor gardener when I began to match my house plant selections to the conditions inside my house, just like how I choose landscaping plants that are best suited to the growing conditions in my clients’ gardens. This epiphany led me to choose succulent plants–Mediterranean or desert plants that thrive in low humidity and bright sun–as my house plants of choice. Since then I have successly grown (which means I have kept these plants alive, in my house, for more than 4 years) agave, aloe, cactus, and jade plant. I keep them all on a long table above a heat register right in front of a south facing window. My second most successful indoor plant eco-tone is the shady corner. Here things like snakeplant (Sanseveria) or tuberous begonias enjoy low light and moderately dry soil.

Similar to how I tweak my outdoor planting plans I also move my house plants from place to place depending upon how they perform. For example, it took me several months to find the perfect spot for an African violet, but when I saw how happy it was on a pedestal in front of the window in our half-bath I kept it there. Now it blooms every four to six weeks and has grown out of its original pot several times.

House plants help me make it through New England winters. What better way to stay connected to nature when everything outside is cold and dormant than to have a little indoor greenery right in the living room.indoorplants

By Daryl Beyers

Let us know what you grow indoors or any other tips that help you succeed with houseplants and we will post your comments on our website.

Click on this sentence to follow a link and learn about indoor safe chemicals for house plants:

Seeds want to grow.

planting_seed_in_traysThis is the time of year, as the catalogs arrive in the mail and seed displays pop up in the garden centers, when experienced gardeners start to think about seeds. This is also the time of year when we will be subjected to at least one heart-felt missive from a magazine editor, TV show host, or blogger, describing the magical moment when as a child they discovered the miracle of seeds. Although there is certainly something special about the idea of a full-sized plant, be it a zinnia or an oak, originating from something as small as a seed, it is foolish to carry your sense of wonder any further than that initial bean-sprouting-in-the-cup-on-the-window-sill moment of amazement.

The misconception that seeds are mini-miracles does not serve a gardener well. It perpetuates an ill-conceived notion that making more plants from seeds is better left to professionals like horticulturalists and farmers. Don’t think it. While some seeds are difficult to prompt into action, the majority of those kinds you can buy at a garden center are not.

seeddisplay The best seed starting advice I ever got was from Panyoti Kelaidis, a horticultural philosophizer and avid seed starter from Denver, Colorado. “Seeds want to grow,” he told me. That’s what they are designed to do. All they require of us is that we give them the opportunity. Panyoti’s technique for starting seed is to sow as many as you have in seed trays filled with a nice, light, soil mix. Then set the trays out in the garden and wait. Some seeds, like store-bought annual flowers and vegetables, will sprout right away, while others like self-collected, native perennials may need to go through an entire season exposed to the elements before they finally do their thing. The basic idea is to provide them with the right conditions (nice soil and a sunny spot) and step aside.

This advice has always struck me as more valuable than all those tips and techniques taught and touted on-line, on TV, or in books and magazines. It seems to me that overthinking our faith in a seed only mucks up the works, especially when success can be achieved simply by purchasing a few packets, sowing them in some decent soil, and allowing that miracle–that is really no miracle at all–to take place. Like everything else in life, some seeds will work out. Some won’t. And afterall, aren’t uncertain outcomes part of what makes life interesting in the first place.

By Daryl Beyers

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What seeds have you had the most success–or the most trouble–with? We’d like to know.

Send us a comment and we will post it online.

FYI: Panyoti Kelaidis is Senior Curator and Director of Outreach at the Denver Botanic Gardens. For more sage advice from him and the rest of the staff at DBG you should visit their blog at the following link:

www.botanicgardensblog.com/

Here are links to some reputable seed companies:

Botanical Interests
Ferry Morse
Burpee Seeds
Renee’s Garden

Garden of Reading

winter_depression-1It’s winter time and what’s a gardener to do? Cold winds blow outside and snow covers the ground as night time temperatures drop into the teens and twenties. Snow and cold, however, is fine by me. I grew up in a Midwestern state where winter starts in early November and spring doesn’t show any sign of arriving until the end of April, so I am used to hunkering down for a long winter gardener’s nap.

January feels like the quietest time of the year because once all the hubbub of the holidays has passed all we have to look forward to is crossing off those eighty date boxes on the calendar until the first day of spring. Though this down time may prove painful for gardeners, there is an easy way to keep our thumbs green through the dark months–and I don’t mean by snowbirding to Florida. In fact, you can keep your inner gardener alive in the comfort of your own home, nestled in a cozy chair by a fire, (I sit at my drawing table in the designers building here at the nursery) by reading books about gardening.cozy-library-chair

The canon of good books written by talented gardeners is filled with wonderful works for everyone. The authors range from the ancient (Theophrastus) to the legendary (Vita Sackville-West) to bestselling contemporaries (Jamaica Kincaid). Garden books, like gardens, come in different styles, such as the comedic tales of Bevery Nichols in “Merry Hall” to the philosophical musings of Thoreau in “Faith in a Seed.” Then there are the beautiful garden picture books, the best of which complement their inspirational photography with the insightful prose of experts.

I typically read four or five garden books at a time. Right now I’m in the middle of “Parks, Plants, and People” by New York City public garden designer, Lynden Miller. Also on my stack is John Greenlee’s “The American Meadow Garden” which is filled with awesome photos by my favorite garden photographer, Saxon Holt. Always nearby is “The Patchwork Garden,” given to me personally by the author, and my neighbor, Sydney Eddison. And to maintain my scientific bragging rights, I dip into a book called “Life in the Soil” by University of Illinois Biology professor, James B. Nardi. I bounce between these books when I take a break from working on design drawings–hands down THE BEST winter pastime for a garden designer.

Losing myself in garden books makes the wait for plant and seed catalogs to arrive in the mail a whole lot easier.(More about them in my next posting.) and as the catalogs slowly stack up on my kitchen table I begin to believe that January will end after all, bringing us one month closer to what every gardener longs for…a real spring thaw.

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We’d like to hear what books (gardening or otherwise) you are reading this winter. Send us a comment with some titles and we will share them on this website.

By Daryl Beyers

What’s in store for the Holidays

christmasstore-007Life at a nursery changes with the seasons. It begins with a flurry of activity in the spring followed by doldrums through the dog days of summer and then a final mad dash in autumn. In the temperate climate of New England winter has little to occupy a nurseryman unless he or she chooses to rig their trucks with plows. There is, however, one last hurrah that a nursery can experience, and that is by transforming itself into a Holiday Store and Christmas tree lot.

When I first heard that Poundridge Nurseries had a Christmas Store I understood the fiscal reasons why but failed to fully appreciate the extent to which our unassuming garden store would be transformed into a holiday extravaganza. Garden hoses, grass seed, and fertilizers were put away for the season and replaced with a vast selection of bows, wrapping paper, wreaths, stuffed animals, traditional toys, German nutcrackers, miniature villages, collectible dolls, and handmade ornaments. christmasstore-0251Beginning in October the transformation began and each day I noticed new holiday displays added to the store until it was literally filled to the rafters with pre-decorated Christmas trees and huge poinsettia plants.

Then the animals arrived; a petting zoo complete with three sheep, five goats, and two alpacas in separate mangers. And when Santa appeared on that first weekend after Thanksgiving to hand out Christmas tree seedlings to each visiting child, I knew that the full force of the season was upon us. christmasstore-008 The smiles of the children who arrived with their parents to pick out a Christmas tree, sit on Santa’s lap, and then visit the menagerie was enough to set a sparkle in this weary landscaper’s eye.

Though spring remains my favorite time of the year because it marks the beginning of the planting season, I must admit that from now on I will look forward to the end of the year too, not because it will mark the completion of another successful season of making gardens, but because I know that December will bring the excitement and cheer of another Christmas Store.

Happy Holidays from Everyone at Poundridge Nurseries.

By Daryl Beyers, Landscape Designer